Issue Contents Home Editorial    CV    Biography Introduction English File Selected Translations Subscription Contact Us April 1st , 2009 Issue No. 34   Democracy Review is a specialized political quarterly published every January, April, July and October since 2001 by the Al-Ahram Foundation. The journal is devoted to exploring the evolution and transformation of democratic political systems worldwide, in both historical and contemporary contexts. Related issues of political culture, elections, public policy, human rights and public opinion are also emphasized. The focus of the discourse featured in this journal is the development of democratic institutions, procedures and values in the Arab and Muslim World. Discussion of political developments in other regions is also included in order to draw comparisons between diverse political experiences. Democracy Review features the work of academics and scholars from all over the world, providing a forum for open intellectual expression _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Competitive Middle East Arabs Vis -a- Vis Non-Arabs Rivalry Dr. Hala Mustafa Despite of the controversy over the meaning and definition of the Middle East as a term that has been swinging along the two axis of the ‘Big M.E” and the ‘New M.E”, the term itself has not been either new or recently invented. The ‘Middle East’ had been in most cases a definition given to a strategic and vital area, used for the first time by the British Empire in the early 20th century. At the time, the Middle East was defined as the region of Persian Gulf and its surroundings and meant to secure the British tight control over the area that was the main road to India and to cut off any attempts by Russia or Germany to dominate that region.   _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ English File The Federal Democratic Republic of Facebook By: Dr. Rasha A. Abdulla Youth in Egypt: Transformed Rebellion By: Dr. Ali Abu Lailah The Status of Political and Religious Knowledge among Egyptian Youths By: Dr. Ahmed Mousa Badawi Map of Peaceful Protests in Egypt Primary Signs of New Civil Society By: Dr. Emad Seyam _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Selected Translations _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Editor’s Choice Archive: Year 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 MonthJanuaryAprilJulyOctober Edition Cover:

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